Hospital Case Fatality Rate Among Individuals Hospitalized with HIV in the Brazilian Amazon

A Five-Year Retrospective Study

  • Erick Clayton Gonçalves Feio State University of Pará https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2205-5278
  • Ana Beatriz Viana Mileo State University of Pará
  • Isabela Costa Vaz State University of Pará
  • Andrea Luzia Vaz Paes Federal University of Pará

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological risk factors associated with fatality among HIV/AIDS patients hospitalized at HUJBB between 2018 and 2022 in the city of Belém, Pará. Methods: The study analyzed medical records of patients hospitalized with a principal diagnosis of HIV (ICD B24) at HUJBB from 2018 to 2022. The hospital case fatality rate (HCFR) was calculated, and associations between patient characteristics and outcomes were assessed using Pearson's chi-square test. Results: Among 569 cases analyzed, the overall HCFR was 28.12% (95% CI: 24.47%–31.96%). Most patients were male (63.09%) between 31 and 50 years of age. Irregular use or discontinuation of ART was reported in 31.52% of admissions. CD4+ lymphocyte counts ≤200 cells/mm³ were significantly associated with higher letality (OR = 7.25; 95% CI: 1.52–34.54; p = 0.006). Symptoms most strongly associated with death were dyspnea (41.9%), cough (32.7%), and fever (27.3%). The main causes of death were HIV-related complications (B24), sepsis, and respiratory failure. Conclusions: It is concluded that adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), early diagnosis, and continuous outpatient follow-up are essential to reducing hospital fatality due to HIV/AIDS.

Keywords: HIV. Hospital case fatality. Brazilian Amazon.

Author Biographies

Erick Clayton Gonçalves Feio, State University of Pará

Graduating in medicine from the State University of Pará

Ana Beatriz Viana Mileo, State University of Pará

Undergraduate in Medicine at the State University of Pará

Isabela Costa Vaz, State University of Pará

Undergraduate in Medicine at the State University of Pará

Andrea Luzia Vaz Paes, Federal University of Pará

Graduated in Medicine from the Federal University of Pará (1992), Master in Tropical Medicine from the Federal University of Pará (2005), PhD in Tropical Medicine from the Federal University of Pará (2017). Assistant physician at the Federal University of Pará and adjunct professor at the State University of Pará

Published
2025-09-12
Issue
Vol 13 No 3 (2025): Revista Amazônia: Science & Health
Section
Artigos

Copyright (c) 2025 AMAZÔNIA: SCIENCE & HEALTH

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