Between quality parameters and biological properties: An analysis of Miconia albicans sold in Cuité-PB

Abstract

The study evaluated quality parameters of the plant species Miconia albicans, marketed in Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil. Four samples (A, B, C, and D) were analyzed regarding organoleptic characteristics, presence of foreign matter, microscopic anatomy, moisture content, total ash, dry residue, pH, and phytochemical groups. All samples exhibited characteristic color; however, only sample B lacked the typical odor. Anatomical analysis revealed an adaxial epidermis without stomata, abaxial surface covered with arachnoid trichomes, dorsiventral mesophyll, and a midrib with crescent-shaped xylem. All samples exceeded the 2% limit for foreign matter. Moisture ranged from 12.14% ± 0.13 (D) to 13.77% ± 2.36 (A); total ash from 3.65% ± 0.09 (A) to 4.71% ± 0.12 (C); dry residue from 0.10% ± 0.01 (B) to 0.14% ± 0.01 (D); and pH from 4.03 ± 0.14 (D) to 4.55 ± 0.13 (B). Phenolic compounds were intensely detected in all samples; alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins showed moderate to weak reactions. Only sample B did not react to tannins. It is concluded that, although the botanical characteristics were preserved, the nonconformity in purity parameters highlights the need for control and standardization in plant material collection to ensure product quality and therapeutic efficacy.