Epidemiological and social aspects related to the occurrence of human leptospirosis in the state of Pará in the Brazilian Amazon

Andréia Ferreira da Silva, Roberta Modesto Braga, Renato Germano, André Roberto de Oliveira Santos

Abstract

Data related to the occurrence of human leptospirosis in the period 2007-2017 in the state of Pará/Brazil were evaluated, to evaluate the occurrence of leptospirosis, the epidemiological, social aspects, and risk factors that may favor the occurrence of the disease in humans. Secondary data from Sinan were statistically analyzed regarding variable frequencies, chi-square test, ODDS ratio, and multiple regression. The first semester showed a higher incidence of cases, more frequent in men between 20 and 39 years old. The risk factor of contact/cleaning a place with signs of rodents (n=839; 63.61%) was the most frequent and variable predictor of cases (Beta = 0.27, F(499) = 7.5); as well as sex (Beta = 0.13, F(499) = 4.18); and contact with water and mud (Beta = 0.12, F(499) = 3.57). We concluded that leptospirosis was more frequent in people living in urban areas, males, and is related to the deficiency of basic sanitation infrastructure, given that they were indicated by linear regression as predictive factors for human infection. Furthermore, we recommend adopting policies that guarantee the completeness of filling out information in the Sinan database.